# Глава 9: Болельщики, медиа и деньги

Футбол · Глава 9: Болельщики, медиа и деньги · Insporta Book (https://book.insporta.app/ru/football/interesting-facts/chapter-9-fans-media-money/)

The people around the game: terrace culture, collectibles and games, radio and television firsts, wages and players' rights, shirt sponsors and stadium names, footballers giving back, the pools and fantasy football, commentators' famous lines and fans on tour.

## 9.91 Terrace Culture

Ultras, fanzines, inflatable bananas, the Poznań, Celtic's Huddle and wooden rattles.

### Тест 1: Supporters' culture

- Ultras groups spread across Italian football in the 1970s. (Источник: AC Milan, 'La Fossa dei Leoni' (acmilan.com))
- Fanzines grew in the 1980s as fans answered back to clubs and the press. (Источник: When Saturday Comes, 'About us' (wsc.co.uk))
- Fans sang his name with the inflatable fruit held high. (Источник: Manchester City, 'The inflatable banana craze' and 'The Poznań' (mancity.com))
- Fans in England took it up after a Europa League meeting in 2010. (Источник: Lech Poznań, 'The Poznań' (lechpoznan.pl))
- It became a regular sight before kick-off from the mid-1990s. (Источник: Celtic FC, 'The Huddle' (celticfc.com))
- Rattles often carried the club colours. (Источник: National Football Museum, 'Rattles and rosettes' (nationalfootballmuseum.com))
- Grimsby's fans waved inflatable fish, a nod to the port's trade. (Источник: Manchester City, 'The inflatable banana craze' and 'The Poznań' (mancity.com))
- 1968, 1986, 1987-88 and 2010. (Источник: Club heritage pages (acmilan.com, mancity.com, celticfc.com) and When Saturday Comes)
- The early 20th century, 1968 and 1995. (Источник: Club heritage pages (acmilan.com, mancity.com, celticfc.com) and When Saturday Comes)
- The craze is often traced to one fan's banana at a match in 1987. (Источник: Manchester City, 'The inflatable banana craze' and 'The Poznań' (mancity.com))

## 9.92 Collectibles and Games

Panini stickers, Subbuteo, table football, Shoot! magazine and the Esso coins.

### Тест 1: Collectibles

- The four brothers' company issued its first football album in 1961. (Источник: Panini Group, 'Our history' (panini.it))
- Albums have followed for every World Cup since. (Источник: Panini Group, 'Our history' (panini.it))
- Peter Adolph wanted to call it 'The Hobby' but could not register the name. (Источник: National Football Museum, 'Subbuteo' (nationalfootballmuseum.com))
- Early players had flat cardboard figures. (Источник: National Football Museum, 'Subbuteo' (nationalfootballmuseum.com))
- His toy game fixed the players to rods turned by hand. (Источник: UK Intellectual Property Office, patent of Harold Searles Thornton (1921); National Football Museum)
- Match followed in 1979. (Источник: Shoot! magazine archive (shoot.co.uk); Match magazine)
- The set featured the players chosen for Mexico. (Источник: The FA, '1970 World Cup coin collection' (englandfootball.com))
- 1921, 1947, 1961 and 1969. (Источник: Panini, Subbuteo and National Football Museum histories)
- 1961, 1970 and 1979. (Источник: Panini, Subbuteo and National Football Museum histories)
- Children swap 'got, got, need' in playgrounds every World Cup. (Источник: Panini Group, 'Our history' (panini.it))

## 9.93 Radio and Television Firsts

The first commentary, the square-one grid, the 1938 final, the first Match of the Day and Grandstand.

### Тест 1: Football broadcasting

- The BBC's Teddy Wakelam described the game from Highbury. (Источник: BBC, 'The first football commentary, 1927' and 'Match of the Day at 50' (bbc.co.uk))
- A second voice called out the square the ball was in. (Источник: BBC, 'The first football commentary, 1927' and 'Match of the Day at 50' (bbc.co.uk))
- George Mutch scored a penalty in the last minute of extra time. (Источник: The FA, '1938: the first FA Cup final shown live in full' (thefa.com))
- Liverpool won 3-2; only about 20,000 people watched on BBC2. (Источник: BBC, 'The first football commentary, 1927' and 'Match of the Day at 50' (bbc.co.uk))
- Matches were broadcast to several European countries. (Источник: FIFA, '1954: the first televised World Cup' (inside.fifa.com))
- It ran until 2007 and carried the classified results. (Источник: BBC, 'Grandstand 1958-2007' (bbc.co.uk))
- BBC2 could then be received only in the London area. (Источник: BBC, 'The first football commentary, 1927' and 'Match of the Day at 50' (bbc.co.uk))
- 1927, 1938, 1954 and 1964. (Источник: BBC, 'The first football commentary, 1927' and 'Match of the Day at 50' (bbc.co.uk))
- 1958, 1964 and 1974. (Источник: BBC, 'Grandstand 1958-2007' (bbc.co.uk))
- Historians doubt the story, but it remains a popular explanation. (Источник: BBC, 'The first football commentary, 1927' and 'Match of the Day at 50' (bbc.co.uk))

## 9.94 Wages and Players' Rights

The maximum wage, Johnny Haynes' £100, the Eastham case, the players' union and the Webster ruling.

### Тест 1: Players' pay and contracts

- The players' union, led by Jimmy Hill, threatened to strike. (Источник: Professional Footballers' Association, 'Our history' and 'The end of the maximum wage, 1961' (thepfa.com))
- He had said his captain was worth it once the cap went. (Источник: Fulham FC, 'Johnny Haynes, the first £100-a-week player' (fulhamfc.com))
- It had been raised step by step since the Second World War. (Источник: Professional Footballers' Association, 'Our history' and 'The end of the maximum wage, 1961' (thepfa.com))
- Clubs could no longer hold a player without a contract indefinitely. (Источник: The National Archives, 'Eastham v Newcastle United, 1963'; PFA)
- It later became the Professional Footballers' Association. (Источник: Professional Footballers' Association, 'Our history' and 'The end of the maximum wage, 1961' (thepfa.com))
- FIFA's Article 17 lets a player end a contract early by paying compensation. (Источник: FIFA, Regulations on the Status and Transfer of Players, Article 17; Court of Arbitration for Sport, Webster ruling (2008))
- Hill later became a manager and a television presenter. (Источник: Professional Footballers' Association, 'Our history' and 'The end of the maximum wage, 1961' (thepfa.com))
- 1907, 1961, 1963 and 2006. (Источник: Professional Footballers' Association, 'Our history' and 'The end of the maximum wage, 1961' (thepfa.com))
- 1901, 1947 and 1958. (Источник: Professional Footballers' Association, 'Our history' and 'The end of the maximum wage, 1961' (thepfa.com))
- Haynes captained Fulham and England. (Источник: Fulham FC, 'Johnny Haynes, the first £100-a-week player' (fulhamfc.com))

## 9.95 Shirt Sponsors

Jägermeister's stag, Liverpool and Hitachi, Sharp, Zanussi, JVC and Athletic's first sponsor.

### Тест 1: Shirt sponsorship

- They changed their crest to match the sponsor's logo. (Источник: Eintracht Braunschweig, 'Jägermeister: der erste Trikotsponsor' (eintracht.com))
- The sponsor was the Japanese company Hitachi. (Источник: Liverpool FC, 'Hitachi: the first shirt sponsor in English top flight' (liverpoolfc.com))
- It was one of the longest shirt deals in English football. (Источник: Manchester United, 'Sharp shirts 1982-2000' (manutd.com))
- Zanussi made kitchen appliances. (Источник: Real Madrid, 'Zanussi, el primer patrocinador' (realmadrid.com))
- The Basque oil refiner's name appeared for the club's 110th anniversary season. (Источник: Athletic Club, 'Petronor, the first sponsor on the shirt' (athletic-club.eus))
- JVC stayed on the shirt until 1999. (Источник: Arsenal FC, 'JVC 1981' (arsenal.com))
- Advertising was not allowed, but a crest was. (Источник: Eintracht Braunschweig, 'Jägermeister: der erste Trikotsponsor' (eintracht.com))
- 1973, 1979, 1981 and 1982. (Источник: Club histories: eintracht.com, liverpoolfc.com, arsenal.com, manutd.com, realmadrid.com, athletic-club.eus)
- 1982, 1999 and 2008. (Источник: Club histories: eintracht.com, liverpoolfc.com, arsenal.com, manutd.com, realmadrid.com, athletic-club.eus)
- The stag with a cross between its antlers is the liqueur's logo. (Источник: Eintracht Braunschweig, 'Jägermeister: der erste Trikotsponsor' (eintracht.com))

## 9.96 What's in a Stadium Name

The Fußball Arena München, the Reebok, Signal Iduna Park, the Amex, King Power and bet365.

### Тест 1: Stadium naming rights

- The club and its sponsor agree a neutral name for those games. (Источник: UEFA, 'Stadium naming rules in UEFA competitions' (uefa.com); FC Bayern (fcbayern.com))
- The sportswear firm had roots in the Bolton area. (Источник: Bolton Wanderers, 'The Reebok Stadium' (bwfc.co.uk))
- The insurer is based in Dortmund. (Источник: Borussia Dortmund, 'SIGNAL IDUNA PARK' (bvb.de))
- It opened in 2011 as the Juventus Stadium. (Источник: Juventus, 'Allianz Stadium' (juventus.com))
- The betting firm is owned by the club's owners. (Источник: Stoke City, 'bet365 Stadium' (stokecityfc.com))
- The duty-free retailer belonged to the club's owners. (Источник: Leicester City, 'King Power Stadium' (lcfc.com))
- The card company has a large office in the city. (Источник: Brighton & Hove Albion, 'The Amex' (brightonandhovealbion.com))
- 1997, 2005, 2011, 2016 and 2017. (Источник: Club stadium pages: bwfc.co.uk, bvb.de, lcfc.com, brightonandhovealbion.com, stokecityfc.com, juventus.com)
- 1974, 1997 и 2002. (Источник: Club stadium pages: bwfc.co.uk, bvb.de, lcfc.com, brightonandhovealbion.com, stokecityfc.com, juventus.com)
- The same applies to other sponsored grounds in Europe. (Источник: UEFA, 'Stadium naming rules in UEFA competitions' (uefa.com); FC Bayern (fcbayern.com))

## 9.97 Отдавать обратно

Common Goal, Rashford's school meals, Soccer Aid, the Homeless and Street Child World Cups, Mané and Drogba.

### Тест 1: Football and charity

- Robbie Williams and Jonathan Wilkes set it up. (Источник: Soccer Aid for UNICEF, 'History' (socceraid.org.uk))
- It was held before the World Cup in South Africa. (Источник: Street Child World Cup, 'About' (streetchildunited.org))
- Again it came just before a World Cup. (Источник: Street Child World Cup, 'About' (streetchildunited.org))
- Schmied edited a street newspaper sold by homeless people. (Источник: Homeless World Cup Foundation, 'Founders Mel Young and Harald Schmied' (homelessworldcup.org))
- It is the village where he grew up. (Источник: Liverpool FC, 'Sadio Mané's hospital in Bambali' (liverpoolfc.com))
- He gave his sponsorship fees to the project. (Источник: Didier Drogba Foundation (fondationdidierdrogba.org); Chelsea FC)
- He gave his bonus to fund surgery for 23 children. (Источник: Arsenal FC and DFB reports on Mesut Özil's 2014 World Cup donation (arsenal.com; dfb.de))
- 2003, 2006, 2010 and 2014. (Источник: Common Goal, Soccer Aid, Homeless World Cup and Street Child United histories)
- 2006, 2014 and 2021. (Источник: Common Goal, Soccer Aid, Homeless World Cup and Street Child United histories)
- It took place in September 2003. (Источник: Homeless World Cup Foundation, 'Our story' (homelessworldcup.org))

## 9.98 The Pools, Fantasy and Video Games

Littlewoods, Fantasy Football League, FPL, Championship Manager, Sensible Soccer and EA Sports FC.

### Тест 1: Pools and games

- Millions filled in its coupons each week. (Источник: Littlewoods Pools history; National Football Museum, 'The football pools' (nationalfootballmuseum.com))
- It was presented by Frank Skinner and David Baddiel. (Источник: BBC, 'Fantasy Football League' (1994); Premier League, 'Fantasy Premier League' (fantasy.premierleague.com))
- It now has millions of players around the world. (Источник: BBC, 'Fantasy Football League' (1994); Premier League, 'Fantasy Premier League' (fantasy.premierleague.com))
- Their studio, Sports Interactive, later made Football Manager. (Источник: Sports Interactive, 'Our history' (sigames.com))
- The licence deal with FIFA ended after thirty years. (Источник: Electronic Arts, 'EA SPORTS FC' (ea.com); Konami, 'Pro Evolution Soccer' (konami.com))
- It was known for its tiny players seen from above. (Источник: Sensible Software history; National Videogame Museum (thenvm.org))
- In Japan it was called Winning Eleven. (Источник: Electronic Arts, 'EA SPORTS FC' (ea.com); Konami, 'Pro Evolution Soccer' (konami.com))
- 1923, 1992, 1994, 2002 and 2023. (Источник: Publishers' release records: ea.com, sigames.com, konami.com)
- 1992, 1993 and 2001. (Источник: Publishers' release records: ea.com, sigames.com, konami.com)
- A line of score draws could win a fortune. (Источник: Littlewoods Pools history; National Football Museum, 'The football pools' (nationalfootballmuseum.com))

## 9.99 Commentators' Famous Lines

Lillelien in 1981, the cosmic kite, Agüerooooo, the Crazy Gang and 'It's up for grabs now'.

### Тест 1: Famous commentary

- He listed famous British names, from Lord Nelson to Margaret Thatcher. (Источник: NRK, 'Lillelien: Your boys took a hell of a beating' (nrk.no, 1981))
- 'Barrilete cósmico' became one of the most famous calls in Spanish. (Источник: AFA and Radio Uruguay archives, 'Barrilete cósmico' (1986))
- Manchester City scored twice in stoppage time on the last day. (Источник: Sky Sports, 'Agüerooooo: Martin Tyler's call, 2012' (skysports.com))
- It was his nickname for Liverpool's stylish side. (Источник: BBC, 'John Motson's greatest lines' (bbc.co.uk))
- Arsenal won the 1989 title on the last night of the season. (Источник: ITV Sport, '1989: Brian Moore and Arsenal at Anfield' (itv.com))
- Lee scored for Derby against his old club, Manchester City. (Источник: BBC, 'Barry Davies: Interesting... very interesting' (bbc.co.uk, 1974))
- Norway had won the World Cup qualifier 2-1 in Oslo. (Источник: NRK, 'Lillelien: Your boys took a hell of a beating' (nrk.no, 1981))
- 1966, 1981, 1986, 1989 and 2012. (Источник: BBC, ITV, NRK and Sky Sports archives)
- 1988, 1989 and 2012. (Источник: BBC, ITV, NRK and Sky Sports archives)
- Tyler had commentated for Sky since the start of the Premier League. (Источник: Sky Sports, 'Agüerooooo: Martin Tyler's call, 2012' (skysports.com))

## 9.100 Fans on Tour

Fan Fests, the Roligans, Japan's tidy stands, Ireland's medal, the Viking clap and Wales in 2016.

### Тест 1: Fans at tournaments

- Big screens in city centres drew millions who had no tickets. (Источник: FIFA, 'FIFA Fan Fest: from 2006 to today' (fifa.com))
- 'Rolig' means calm in Danish, a play on 'hooligans'. (Источник: Dansk Boldspil-Union, 'Roligans' (dbu.dk))
- The players also left their dressing room spotless. (Источник: Japan Football Association and FIFA, 'Japan fans clean up' (fifa.com, 2018 and 2022))
- They were praised for their good humour across France. (Источник: Football Association of Ireland, 'Paris honours Irish fans, Euro 2016' (fai.ie))
- The chant became one of the songs of the summer. (Источник: Irish Football Association, 'Euro 2016: the Green and White Army' (irishfa.com); UEFA)
- Fans sang that they did not want to go back home. (Источник: Football Association of Wales, 'Don't take me home, Euro 2016' (faw.cymru))
- The room was left spotless, too. (Источник: Japan Football Association and FIFA, 'Japan fans clean up' (fifa.com, 2018 and 2022))
- 1986, 2006, 2016 and 2022. (Источник: UEFA, FIFA and federation records of fans at tournaments)
- 11 June, 27 June and 1 July 2016. (Источник: UEFA, FIFA and federation records of fans at tournaments)
- The clap echoed around the stadiums of France. (Источник: Football Association of Iceland, 'The Viking clap' (ksi.is); UEFA Euro 2016)

Источники: Primary/official sources only, no Wikipedia citations: clubs' and federations' own histories, the BBC and other broadcasters, the PFA, publishers and charities' own pages.

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