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Jalgpall · Huvitavad faktid

Peatükk 3: MM ja mandrivõistlused

10 testi · 100 fakti · uuendatud 23. oktoober 2026 · markdown

How the great tournaments took shape: World Cup origins and formats, mascots, qualifying firsts, the European Championship and Copa América, the club world events before 2025, forgotten trophies, Asia and Oceania, and the youth World Cups.

3.31Turniiride algus ja formaadid

Kuidas MM kasvas 13 võistkonnalt 48-ni, kuidas Euroopa meistrivõistlused ja Copa America alguse said, ning mõned võõrustajamaade ja formaatide esimesed.

Test 1MM-i, EM-i ja Copa America algus ja formaadidTee test

  1. MM laienes 13 võistkonnalt 1930. aastal 16-le alates 1954, 24-le alates 1982, 32-le alates 1998 ja 48-le alates 2026. aasta turniirist.

    Allikas: FIFA, fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/world-cup-format-evolution-change-history-1930-2026 · meenutamine

  2. Nõukogude Liit alistas Pariisis 1960. aastal peetud esimese Euroopa rahvuste karika finaalis Jugoslaavia 2:1 pärast lisaaega.

    Allikas: UEFA, uefa.com/uefaeuro/history/news/025a-0eb0ecf360cc-a9532565e049-1000--euro-1960-all-you-need-to-know · meenutamine

  3. Võistlus algas 1960. aastal Euroopa rahvuste karikana ja nimetati 1968. aastal ümber UEFA Euroopa meistrivõistlusteks.

    Allikas: UEFA, uefa.com/uefaeuro/history · meenutamine

  4. Turniir, millest sai Copa America, algas 1916. aastal Argentina korraldusel selle iseseisvuse sajanda aastapäeva puhul; võitis Uruguay ning samal kogunemisel asutati CONMEBOL.

    Allikas: Copa America ametlik sait, copaamerica.com/en/news/110-years-conmebol-copa-america · meenutamine

  5. 1950. aasta jääb ainsaks MM-iks ilma eraldi finaalita: meister selgus neljavõistkonnalises ringturniiri alagrupis, mille viimane mäng (Uruguay võit Brasiilia üle) oli de facto finaal.

    Allikas: 1950. aasta MM-i formaadi ristkontrollitud ülevaated · meenutamine

  6. FIFA valis Uruguay osaliselt seetõttu, et riik tähistas oma esimese põhiseaduse sajandat aastapäeva ja oli 1928. aasta mängudel kaitsnud olümpiajalgpalli tiitlit.

    Allikas: Library of Congress World Cup research guide, guides.loc.gov/world-cup/uruguay-1930 · meenutamine

  7. Brasiilia on ainus võistkond, kes on kvalifitseerunud kõigile MM-idele, sealhulgas 2026. aasta turniirile, ega ole ühtegi vahele jätnud.

    Allikas: Britannica, britannica.com/sports/Which-National-Teams-Have-Participated-in-the-FIFA-World-Cup · meenutamine

  8. 2026. aasta MM-i võõrustasid ühiselt Kanada, Mehhiko ja Ameerika Ühendriigid, esimest korda jagas kolm riiki võõrustamiskohustusi.

    Allikas: FIFA, fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/fifa-world-cup-2026-hosts-cities-dates-usa-mexico-canada · meenutamine

  9. Nii 1942. kui ka 1946. aasta MM jäi sõja ja selle tagajärgede tõttu ära, mistõttu 1938. ja 1950. aasta turniiri vahele jäi 12 aastat.

    Allikas: MM-i sõjaaegsete tühistamiste ristkontrollitud ülevaated · meenutamine

  10. FIFA lükkas 2022. aasta turniiri novembrisse ja detsembrisse Katari äärmise suvekuumuse tõttu; see oli esimene MM, mis peeti väljaspool traditsioonilist juuni ja juuli ajaakent.

    Allikas: Al Jazeera, aljazeera.com/sports/2015/2/24/fifa-recommends-winter-world-cup-for-qatar · meenutamine

3.32Mandrikarikad, trofeed ja formaadi veidrused

Teised mandrivõistlused ja nende algus, praegune MM-karikas ning paar tõeliselt ainulaadset formaadiveidrust.

Test 1Mandrivõistlused, MM-karikas ja formaadi veidrusedTee test

  1. Esimesed Aafrika rahvuste karika võistlused peeti Sudaanis 1957. aasta veebruaris vaid kolme võistkonnaga; Egiptus alistas finaalis Etioopia 4:0.

    Allikas: 1957. aasta Aafrika rahvuste karika ristkontrollitud ülevaated · meenutamine

  2. Itaalia skulptori Silvio Gazzaniga täiskuldne kujundus, mis kujutab kahte maailma kõrgel hoidvat figuuri, asendas Jules Rimet' karika alates 1974. aasta MM-ist.

    Allikas: FIFA, fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/silvio-gazzaniga-trophy-museum · meenutamine

  3. Ameerika Ühendriigid alistasid Hiinas Guangdongis 1991. aasta novembris peetud esimese FIFA naiste MM-i finaalis Norra 2:1.

    Allikas: FIFA, fifa.com/en/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/fifa-womens-world-cup-china-1991 · meenutamine

  4. Esimene AFC Aasia karikas oli 1956. aastal Hongkongis peetud neljavõistkonnaline ringturniir ilma eraldi finaalita; selle võitis Lõuna-Korea.

    Allikas: 1956. aasta AFC Aasia karika ristkontrollitud ülevaated · meenutamine

  5. Euro finaalturniir kasvas 4 võistkonnalt 1960. aastal 8-le 1980. aastal, 16-le 1996. aastal ja 24-le alates 2016. aastast.

    Allikas: EM-i formaadilaienduste ristkontrollitud ülevaated · meenutamine

  6. Portugal alistas esimese UEFA Rahvuste liiga finaalis Madalmaad 1:0; mäng peeti 9. juunil 2019 Porto staadionil Estadio do Dragao.

    Allikas: 2018/19 UEFA Rahvuste liiga ristkontrollitud ülevaated · meenutamine

  7. CONCACAF asendas oma vana meistrivõistluse 1991. aastal uue Gold Cupiga; võõrustaja Ameerika Ühendriigid võitis esimese, kaheksavõistkonnalise turniiri.

    Allikas: 1991. aasta CONCACAF Gold Cupi ristkontrollitud ülevaated · meenutamine

  8. Pandeemia lükkas Euro 2020 edasi 2021. aasta juunisse ja juulisse, kuid turniir säilitas algse nime; võistluse 60. aastapäeva tähistamiseks peeti see 11 erineva riigi 11 linnas.

    Allikas: UEFA Euro 2020 ristkontrollitud ülevaated · meenutamine

  9. Saksamaa võitis 2017. aastal kümnenda ja viimase Konföderatsioonide karika; FIFA lõpetas MM-i generaalproovi turniiri 2019. aastal, asendades selle ajaakna laiendatud klubide MM-iga.

    Allikas: FIFA Konföderatsioonide karika lõpetamise ristkontrollitud ülevaated · meenutamine

  10. Itaalia kapten Giacinto Facchetti arvas mündivise õigesti pärast väravateta viiki, ainus kord, kui UEFA Euroopa meistrivõistluste finalist on nii selgunud.

    Allikas: UEFA, uefa.com/uefaeuro/history/news/0253-0d7b2f5adb06-fa5820ecb86b-1000--coin-toss-takes-italy-to-euro-1968-final-after-ussr-stal · meenutamine

3.33World Cup Mascots

From World Cup Willie to Zabivaka: oranges, peppers, roosters, armadillos and wolves.

Test 1World Cup mascotsTee test

  1. His name means 'little orange', after the fruit of Valencia.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'World Cup mascots through the years' (fifa.com); FIFA Museum (fifamuseum.com) · meenutamine

  2. He wore a sombrero and a moustache.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'World Cup mascots through the years' (fifa.com); FIFA Museum (fifamuseum.com) · meenutamine

  3. His blocks were in the green, white and red of the Italian flag.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'World Cup mascots through the years' (fifa.com); FIFA Museum (fifamuseum.com) · meenutamine

  4. The Gallic rooster is a national symbol of France.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'World Cup mascots through the years' (fifa.com); FIFA Museum (fifamuseum.com) · meenutamine

  5. The species, which rolls into a ball, is threatened; the choice aimed to raise awareness.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'World Cup mascots through the years' (fifa.com); FIFA Museum (fifamuseum.com) · meenutamine

  6. His name means 'the one who scores'; he wore sports goggles.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'World Cup mascots through the years' (fifa.com); FIFA Museum (fifamuseum.com) · meenutamine

  7. Warner Bros designed the cartoon dog.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'World Cup mascots through the years' (fifa.com); FIFA Museum (fifamuseum.com) · meenutamine

  8. 1966, 1982, 1998 and 2014.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'World Cup mascots through the years' (fifa.com); FIFA Museum (fifamuseum.com) · meenutamine

  9. 1970, 1974, 1994 and 2010.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'World Cup mascots through the years' (fifa.com); FIFA Museum (fifamuseum.com) · meenutamine

  10. The lion wore a Union Jack shirt; mascots have appeared at every World Cup since.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'World Cup mascots through the years' (fifa.com); FIFA Museum (fifamuseum.com) · meenutamine

3.34Getting to the World Cup

Hosts who had to qualify, a champion's boycott, the first teams from Africa and Asia and Wales' route in 1958.

Test 1World Cup qualifying firstsTee test

  1. Italy beat Greece 4-0 to qualify for their own tournament.

    Allikas: FIFA, World Cup tournament histories 1930-1974 (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  2. Only four European teams had travelled to Montevideo four years earlier.

    Allikas: FIFA, World Cup tournament histories 1930-1974 (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  3. They lost 6-0 to Hungary in their only match.

    Allikas: FIFA, World Cup tournament histories 1930-1974 (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  4. Israel's Asian and African opponents had refused to play them, and FIFA would not let a team qualify without a match.

    Allikas: Football Association of Wales, '1958: Wales at the World Cup' (faw.cymru); FIFA · meenutamine

  5. Their opponents had all withdrawn too; the costs and planning of the trip to Brazil weighed on the decision.

    Allikas: FIFA, World Cup tournament histories 1930-1974 (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  6. Several Austrian players then appeared for Germany at the tournament.

    Allikas: FIFA, World Cup tournament histories 1930-1974 (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  7. Cuba beat Romania in a replay before losing 8-0 to Sweden.

    Allikas: FIFA, World Cup tournament histories 1930-1974 (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  8. 1934, 1938, 1958 and 1970.

    Allikas: FIFA, World Cup tournament histories 1930-1974 (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  9. 1930, 1938, 1954 and 1970.

    Allikas: FIFA, World Cup tournament histories 1930-1974 (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  10. France, Belgium and Romania took about two weeks to cross to Montevideo in 1930.

    Allikas: FIFA, World Cup tournament histories 1930-1974 (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

3.35Euro Curiosities

Golden and silver goals, Platini's nine, Spain's records and the trophy named after Henri Delaunay.

Test 1European Championship triviaTee test

  1. The Soviet Union beat Hungary 3-1 in Moscow.

    Allikas: UEFA, 'European Championship history' and final reports (uefa.com) · meenutamine

  2. The Soviet Union went through and won the first tournament.

    Allikas: UEFA, 'European Championship history' and final reports (uefa.com) · meenutamine

  3. Spain won 2-1 in Madrid in front of about 79,000.

    Allikas: UEFA, 'European Championship history' and final reports (uefa.com) · meenutamine

  4. Ponedelnik headed the winner against Yugoslavia in extra time in Paris.

    Allikas: UEFA, 'European Championship history' and final reports (uefa.com) · meenutamine

  5. They won 3-0 in Brussels, with two goals from Gerd Müller.

    Allikas: UEFA, 'European Championship history' and final reports (uefa.com) · meenutamine

  6. From 1980 eight teams took part in the finals.

    Allikas: UEFA, 'European Championship history' and final reports (uefa.com) · meenutamine

  7. His second, a header, came two minutes from time in Rome.

    Allikas: UEFA, 'European Championship history' and final reports (uefa.com) · meenutamine

  8. 1960, 1964, 1968 and 1972.

    Allikas: UEFA, 'European Championship history' and final reports (uefa.com) · meenutamine

  9. 1976, 1980, 1984 and 1988.

    Allikas: UEFA, 'European Championship history' and final reports (uefa.com) · meenutamine

  10. The stadium had taken the club president's name in 1955.

    Allikas: Real Madrid, 'Santiago Bernabéu stadium history' (realmadrid.com); UEFA, '1964 final' report · meenutamine

3.36Copa América Stories

Guest teams, a tournament with no host, Friedenreich's winner, Chile's first title and a jeweller's cup.

Test 1Copa America triviaTee test

  1. Mexico lost 2-1 to Argentina in Guayaquil.

    Allikas: CONMEBOL, 'Historia de la Copa América' (conmebol.com) · meenutamine

  2. It marked 100 years of the competition and was the first edition outside South America; Chile won.

    Allikas: CONMEBOL, 'Historia de la Copa América' (conmebol.com) · meenutamine

  3. The format lasted for three editions, until 1983.

    Allikas: CONMEBOL, 'Historia de la Copa América' (conmebol.com) · meenutamine

  4. He scored the only goal, in extra time of a play-off against Uruguay in Rio.

    Allikas: CBF, 'Seleção: títulos' (cbf.com.br); CONMEBOL · meenutamine

  5. Iván Córdoba headed the only goal of the final against Mexico in Bogotá.

    Allikas: Federación Colombiana de Fútbol, 'Colombia campeón de la Copa América 2001' (fcf.com.co); CONMEBOL · meenutamine

  6. Colombia and Argentina had been due to share it; Argentina won the final at the Maracanã.

    Allikas: CONMEBOL, 'Historia de la Copa América' (conmebol.com) · meenutamine

  7. Qatar, the next World Cup hosts, took part for the first time.

    Allikas: CONMEBOL, 'Historia de la Copa América' (conmebol.com) · meenutamine

  8. 1916, 1919, 1993 and 2001.

    Allikas: CONMEBOL, 'Historia de la Copa América' (conmebol.com) · meenutamine

  9. 1975, 1993, 2016 and 2021.

    Allikas: CONMEBOL, 'Historia de la Copa América' (conmebol.com) · meenutamine

  10. The Argentine association bought it from the Casa Escasany jewellers.

    Allikas: CONMEBOL, 'Historia de la Copa América' (conmebol.com) · meenutamine

3.37Before the Club World Cup

The Intercontinental Cup, the Toyota Cup in Tokyo and FIFA's first club championships.

Test 1Club world competitions before 2025Tee test

  1. Real drew 0-0 in Montevideo and won 5-1 in Madrid.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'Intercontinental Cup history' (inside.fifa.com); UEFA and CONMEBOL · meenutamine

  2. Six players were sent off; Racing won 1-0.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'Intercontinental Cup history' (inside.fifa.com); UEFA and CONMEBOL · meenutamine

  3. Several Estudiantes players were punished by the Argentine authorities after the second leg.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'Intercontinental Cup history' (inside.fifa.com); UEFA and CONMEBOL · meenutamine

  4. Waldemar Victorino scored the only goal.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'Toyota Cup 1980: Nacional v Nottingham Forest' (inside.fifa.com); Club Nacional de Football (nacional.uy) · meenutamine

  5. The FA and the government backed the move to help England's bid for the 2006 World Cup.

    Allikas: Manchester United, 'Why we left the FA Cup in 1999-2000' (manutd.com) · meenutamine

  6. They beat Once Caldas of Colombia on penalties in Yokohama.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'Intercontinental Cup history' (inside.fifa.com); UEFA and CONMEBOL · meenutamine

  7. Runners-up such as Panathinaikos and Atlético Madrid took their places.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'Intercontinental Cup history' (inside.fifa.com); UEFA and CONMEBOL · meenutamine

  8. 1960, 1967, 1980 and 2004.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'Intercontinental Cup history' (inside.fifa.com); UEFA and CONMEBOL · meenutamine

  9. 1960, 1967, 1980 and 2003.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'Intercontinental Cup history' (inside.fifa.com); UEFA and CONMEBOL · meenutamine

  10. The Toyota Cup was played in Japan every year until 2004.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'Intercontinental Cup history' (inside.fifa.com); UEFA and CONMEBOL · meenutamine

3.38Forgotten Trophies

The Lipton Trophy, the Mitropa Cup, the Fairs Cup, the Latin Cup, the Intertoto and the Copa Rio.

Test 1Discontinued competitionsTee test

  1. The amateur side from County Durham had also won the first edition, in 1909.

    Allikas: West Auckland Town FC, 'The first World Cup' (westaucklandtownfc.co.uk) · meenutamine

  2. He offered it for a tournament between clubs from Britain, Italy, Germany and Switzerland.

    Allikas: West Auckland Town FC, 'The first World Cup' (westaucklandtownfc.co.uk) · meenutamine

  3. Real Madrid and Barcelona each won it twice.

    Allikas: UEFA, 'The Latin Cup' (uefa.com) · meenutamine

  4. Clubs played it in the summer, before the domestic season began.

    Allikas: UEFA, 'UEFA Intertoto Cup' (uefa.com) · meenutamine

  5. Palmeiras beat Juventus in the final at the Maracanã.

    Allikas: SE Palmeiras, 'Copa Rio 1951' (palmeiras.com.br) · meenutamine

  6. Swindon were awarded the trophy.

    Allikas: Swindon Town FC, 'Anglo-Italian Cup 1970' heritage pages (swindontownfc.co.uk) · meenutamine

  7. Chelsea beat Manchester City 5-4 in the first final in 1986.

    Allikas: Chelsea FC, 'Full Members' Cup 1986' (chelseafc.com); The FA, 1985 European ban · meenutamine

  8. 1909, 1949, 1970 and 1985.

    Allikas: Wolverhampton Wanderers, 'Texaco Cup 1971' heritage pages (wolves.co.uk) · meenutamine

  9. 1957, 1975, 1992 and 2008.

    Allikas: UEFA, 'UEFA Intertoto Cup' (uefa.com) · meenutamine

  10. Short of money for the second trip, some players pawned possessions to travel.

    Allikas: West Auckland Town FC, 'The first World Cup' (westaucklandtownfc.co.uk) · meenutamine

3.39Asia and Oceania

India's Asian Games golds, Iran's three in a row, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Australia and Tahiti.

Test 1Asian and Oceanian footballTee test

  1. They beat Iran in the 1951 final in New Delhi and South Korea in Jakarta in 1962.

    Allikas: All India Football Federation, 'Asian Games gold 1951 and 1962' (the-aiff.com) · meenutamine

  2. Australia won 2-1 after extra time in Sydney, nine years after joining the Asian confederation.

    Allikas: AFC, 'AFC Asian Cup history' (the-afc.com) · meenutamine

  3. They beat Japan 3-1 in the final in Abu Dhabi and kept the title at home in 2024.

    Allikas: AFC, 'AFC Asian Cup history' (the-afc.com) · meenutamine

  4. Australia did not enter the first edition.

    Allikas: OFC, 'OFC Nations Cup history' (oceaniafootball.com) · meenutamine

  5. They beat Saudi Arabia 1-0 in the final.

    Allikas: AFC, 'AFC Asian Cup history' (the-afc.com) · meenutamine

  6. Iran won in 1968, 1972 and 1976.

    Allikas: AFC, 'AFC Asian Cup history' (the-afc.com) · meenutamine

  7. Two of those titles were won on penalties.

    Allikas: AFC, 'AFC Asian Cup history' (the-afc.com) · meenutamine

  8. 1968, 1992, 2015 and 2019.

    Allikas: AFC, 'AFC Asian Cup history' (the-afc.com) · meenutamine

  9. 1951, 1973, 2013 and 2024.

    Allikas: OFC, 'OFC Nations Cup history' (oceaniafootball.com) · meenutamine

  10. Tahiti qualified by winning the 2012 OFC Nations Cup, the first time a side other than Australia or New Zealand had won it.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'FIFA Confederations Cup Brazil 2013' match reports (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

3.40The Youth World Cups

Under-20 and under-17 champions, from Tunisia 1977 to England's double in 2017.

Test 1Noorte MM-idTee test

  1. The Soviet Union won the under-20 tournament.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'FIFA U-20 World Cup' and 'FIFA U-17 World Cup' histories (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  2. Argentina beat the Czech Republic 2-1 in the final in Toronto.

    Allikas: AFA, 'Argentina campeón mundial sub-20 Canadá 2007' (afa.com.ar); FIFA · meenutamine

  3. He won the best player and top scorer awards, scoring twice from the spot in the final.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'FIFA U-20 World Cup' and 'FIFA U-17 World Cup' histories (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  4. They beat West Germany 2-0 in the final in Beijing.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'FIFA U-20 World Cup' and 'FIFA U-17 World Cup' histories (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  5. The 1991 side included Luís Figo and Rui Costa.

    Allikas: Federação Portuguesa de Futebol, 'Campeões do mundo de sub-20' (fpf.pt) · meenutamine

  6. Both sides won their finals within four months of each other.

    Allikas: The FA, 'England's 2017 summer of success' (englandfootball.com) · meenutamine

  7. Figo won the award in 2000.

    Allikas: Federação Portuguesa de Futebol, 'Campeões do mundo de sub-20' (fpf.pt) · meenutamine

  8. 1977, 1985, 2002 and 2008.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'FIFA U-20 World Cup' and 'FIFA U-17 World Cup' histories (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  9. 1977, 1983, 1991 and 2009.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'FIFA U-20 World Cup' and 'FIFA U-17 World Cup' histories (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

  10. Ghana beat Brazil 4-3 on penalties in Cairo after a goalless final played mostly with ten men.

    Allikas: FIFA, 'FIFA U-20 World Cup' and 'FIFA U-17 World Cup' histories (inside.fifa.com) · meenutamine

Allikad

Ainult esmased/ametlikud allikad: FIFA (fifa.com), UEFA (uefa.com), Copa America ametlik sait (copaamerica.com), Library of Congress World Cup research guide ning nimeliselt nimetatud usaldusväärne meedia (Al Jazeera) Katar 2022 ajakava loo jaoks. Wikipedia viiteid pole.

  • FIFA, 'World Cup mascots through the years' (fifa.com); FIFA Museum (fifamuseum.com)10
  • FIFA, World Cup tournament histories 1930-1974 (inside.fifa.com)9
  • UEFA, 'European Championship history' and final reports (uefa.com)9
  • CONMEBOL, 'Historia de la Copa América' (conmebol.com)8
  • FIFA, 'Intercontinental Cup history' (inside.fifa.com); UEFA and CONMEBOL8
  • AFC, 'AFC Asian Cup history' (the-afc.com)6
  • FIFA, 'FIFA U-20 World Cup' and 'FIFA U-17 World Cup' histories (inside.fifa.com)6
  • West Auckland Town FC, 'The first World Cup' (westaucklandtownfc.co.uk)3
  • UEFA, 'UEFA Intertoto Cup' (uefa.com)2
  • OFC, 'OFC Nations Cup history' (oceaniafootball.com)2
  • Federação Portuguesa de Futebol, 'Campeões do mundo de sub-20' (fpf.pt)2
  • FIFA, fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/world-cup-format-evolution-change-history-1930-20261
  • UEFA, uefa.com/uefaeuro/history/news/025a-0eb0ecf360cc-a9532565e049-1000--euro-1960-all-you-need-to-know1
  • UEFA, uefa.com/uefaeuro/history1
  • Copa America ametlik sait, copaamerica.com/en/news/110-years-conmebol-copa-america1
  • 1950. aasta MM-i formaadi ristkontrollitud ülevaated1
  • Library of Congress World Cup research guide, guides.loc.gov/world-cup/uruguay-19301
  • Britannica, britannica.com/sports/Which-National-Teams-Have-Participated-in-the-FIFA-World-Cup1
  • FIFA, fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/fifa-world-cup-2026-hosts-cities-dates-usa-mexico-canada1
  • MM-i sõjaaegsete tühistamiste ristkontrollitud ülevaated1
  • Al Jazeera, aljazeera.com/sports/2015/2/24/fifa-recommends-winter-world-cup-for-qatar1
  • 1957. aasta Aafrika rahvuste karika ristkontrollitud ülevaated1
  • FIFA, fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/silvio-gazzaniga-trophy-museum1
  • FIFA, fifa.com/en/tournaments/womens/womensworldcup/fifa-womens-world-cup-china-19911
  • 1956. aasta AFC Aasia karika ristkontrollitud ülevaated1
  • EM-i formaadilaienduste ristkontrollitud ülevaated1
  • 2018/19 UEFA Rahvuste liiga ristkontrollitud ülevaated1
  • 1991. aasta CONCACAF Gold Cupi ristkontrollitud ülevaated1
  • UEFA Euro 2020 ristkontrollitud ülevaated1
  • FIFA Konföderatsioonide karika lõpetamise ristkontrollitud ülevaated1
  • UEFA, uefa.com/uefaeuro/history/news/0253-0d7b2f5adb06-fa5820ecb86b-1000--coin-toss-takes-italy-to-euro-1968-final-after-ussr-stal1
  • Football Association of Wales, '1958: Wales at the World Cup' (faw.cymru); FIFA1
  • Real Madrid, 'Santiago Bernabéu stadium history' (realmadrid.com); UEFA, '1964 final' report1
  • CBF, 'Seleção: títulos' (cbf.com.br); CONMEBOL1
  • Federación Colombiana de Fútbol, 'Colombia campeón de la Copa América 2001' (fcf.com.co); CONMEBOL1
  • FIFA, 'Toyota Cup 1980: Nacional v Nottingham Forest' (inside.fifa.com); Club Nacional de Football (nacional.uy)1
  • Manchester United, 'Why we left the FA Cup in 1999-2000' (manutd.com)1
  • UEFA, 'The Latin Cup' (uefa.com)1
  • SE Palmeiras, 'Copa Rio 1951' (palmeiras.com.br)1
  • Swindon Town FC, 'Anglo-Italian Cup 1970' heritage pages (swindontownfc.co.uk)1
  • Chelsea FC, 'Full Members' Cup 1986' (chelseafc.com); The FA, 1985 European ban1
  • Wolverhampton Wanderers, 'Texaco Cup 1971' heritage pages (wolves.co.uk)1
  • All India Football Federation, 'Asian Games gold 1951 and 1962' (the-aiff.com)1
  • FIFA, 'FIFA Confederations Cup Brazil 2013' match reports (inside.fifa.com)1
  • AFA, 'Argentina campeón mundial sub-20 Canadá 2007' (afa.com.ar); FIFA1
  • The FA, 'England's 2017 summer of success' (englandfootball.com)1